摘要:
以17个地方辣椒品种为试材，选取20个主要农艺性状和4个品质指标，采用相关性分析、隶属函数统计和聚类分析的方法，探寻农艺性状与营养品质指标之间的关联，更全面地对这些辣椒种质资源进行综合评价，以期为辣椒地方种质资源实现种质创新和遗传改良提供参考依据。结果表明：株高、茎粗、株幅、果面棱沟、果肉厚、果横径、叶形和分枝性是影响地方辣椒产量的主要因素。粗纤维含量与单株果数呈极显著正相关，脂肪含量与单株果数、粗纤维含量呈显著正相关，辣椒素含量与单果质量呈显著负相关。平均单株果数为99.53个，平均单果质量为7.66 g,辣椒素、蛋白质、脂肪和粗纤维平均含量分别为1.18 g·kg-1、11.79%、13.42%和30.19%。辣椒素的变异系数最大，为94.92%。聚类分析按农艺、品质指标将17个品种分为4个类群。筛选出单株果数多、综合品质最优的“黄胆辣”,辣椒素、蛋白质含量高的“剑河独杆辣椒”,蛋白质含量高的“内黄尖椒”,单果质量最大的“牛场辣椒”等。
Abstract:
Taking 17 local pepper varieties as experimental materials, 20 main agronomic characters and 4 quality indexes were selected, and the methods of correlation analysis, membership function statistics and cluster analysis were used, in order to provide reference for the realization of germplasm innovation and genetic improvement of local pepper germplasm resources.The results showed that plant height, stem diameter, plant width, fruit surface furrows, pulp thickness, fruit transverse diameter, leaf shape and branching were the main factors affecting local pepper yield.The crude fiber content was significantly positively correlated with the number of fruits per plant, the fat content was significantly positively correlated with the number of fruits per plant and the crude fiber content, and the capsaicin content was significantly negatively correlated with the quality of single fruit.The average fruit number per plant was 99.53,the average fruit weight was 7.66 g, and the average contents of capsaicin, protein, fat and crude fiber were 1.18 g·kg-1,11.79%,13.42% and 30.19%,respectively.The coefficient of variation of capsaicin was the largest, 94.92%.Cluster analysis divided 17 varieties into 4 groups according to agronomic and quality indexes.The ‘Huangdanla’ with many fruits per plant and the best comprehensive quality, the ‘Jianhe Single Stem Pepper’ with high capsaicin and protein content, the ‘Neihuangjianjiao’ with high protein content, and the ‘Niuchang Pepper’ with the highest single fruit weight were screened.